Erosion is one of the biggest risks on steep land. Heavy rainfall, wind and gravity can rapidly strip soil from slopes, undermining infrastructure and damaging ecosystems. The most effective long-term solution is vegetation with strong, well-adapted root systems.
Native New Zealand plants are particularly effective because their roots are suited to local soil conditions and rainfall patterns.
Different root structures play different roles:
Fibrous roots bind surface soil
Woody lateral roots stabilise shallow slopes
Deep anchoring roots secure larger landforms
Combining these root types creates the strongest erosion control outcomes.
A coastal native with an extensive fibrous root system that excels at binding loose soils and sand.
Best for: Coastal cliffs, sandy banks
Root type: Dense fibrous network
A large sedge forming massive clumps with extremely strong root masses. One of the best natives for stabilising wet or unstable slopes.
Best for: Lower slopes, drainage lines
Root type: Heavy fibrous clumps
A spreading shrub with woody, interlacing roots that hold shallow soils together.
Best for: Rock faces, steep banks
Root type: Lateral woody roots
A low-growing kōwhai with deep anchoring roots and a naturally spreading form.
Best for: Dry slopes, rocky terrain
Root type: Deep anchoring
A slow-growing native with exceptionally strong roots relative to its size.
Best for: Alpine or dry banks
Root type: Woody anchoring roots
Use a mix of root types
Plant densely during early stages
Protect young plants from grazing
Avoid disturbing soil once established
Strong root systems are the foundation of successful erosion control. By using native New Zealand plants adapted to steep and unstable environments, landowners can protect soil, reduce maintenance costs and create landscapes that become more resilient with age.
